Which of the following is considered an environmental threat in aviation?

Weather is indeed considered an environmental threat in aviation due to its significant impact on flight operations. Adverse weather conditions such as thunderstorms, turbulence, low visibility, icing, and strong winds can affect the safety and efficiency of flights. Pilots must constantly monitor weather reports and forecasts, as well as be trained to handle various weather-related challenges during takeoff, in-flight, and landing phases.

Other factors like pilot fatigue, complacency, and miscommunication relate more to human performance and decision-making rather than environmental conditions. While these can pose serious threats to aviation safety, they arise from human factors rather than the environment itself. Understanding that weather is a natural phenomenon that directly influences pilot decision-making and operational parameters highlights its classification as an environmental threat.